Aedes albopictus

Habitat/Ecology - found in small containers, old tires are a major source.

Hosts - Man and mammals

Distribution - recent introduction to Southern and Central California

Vector Potential / Diseases - Dengue fever

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae found in rock holes along rivers and streams. Multivoltine, over wintering in the egg stage.

Hosts - Reluctant blood feeders.

Distribution - Sacramento County

Vector Potential / Diseases - Under Lab conditions has transmitted EEE and Avian Malaria.

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae have been found in the shallow margins of pools, ditches, etc. with heavy emergent vegetation. One of the earliest appearing species.

Hosts - Not normally aggressive toward humans but will bite.

Distribution - Amador, Calaveras, El Dorado, Lake, Napa, Placer, Sacramento, San Joaquin, San Mateo and Sonoma Counties . Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae found in shallow, sunlit, alkaline pools (pH 7.0). Females rest on nearby grasses

Hosts - Day and Night biting. Pest of humans and animals near breeding sites.

Distribution - Lassen and Modoc Counties

Vector Potential / Diseases - Not considered an important vector.

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae found in meadow pools of medium depth that contain significant amounts of dead grass. One of the first to appear after the snow starts to melt.

Hosts - Cattle, pigs, sheep and dogs.

Distribution - Common in the Sierra Nevada Range from Inyo County north at elevations of 4000-9,900 feet.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Aedes cinereus

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae and pupae found in deep grassy pools in shaded or open situations where water persists well into early summer.

Hosts - Do not readily bite humans except in shaded areas during the day.

Distribution - Mountain mosquito . Sierra Nevada Range - Yosemite Park northward.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Found in grassy snow-melt pools at higher elevations

Hosts - Agresive day biters

Distribution - Western slopes of the Sierra Nevada

Vector Potential / Diseases - None

Aedes deserticola

Habitat/Ecology - Found in treeholes in Southern California

Hosts - man, severe pest

Distribution - Treeholes in Southern California

Vector Potential / Diseases -

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae found in brackish and saline waters (ie. intertidal marshes, margins of bays and lakes). Eight or more generations/year for tidal populations.

Hosts - Bovine and equine. Will readily bite humans.

Distribution - Coastal intertidal marshes. Inland - Eastern California and Sacramento and San Joaquin deltas.

Vector Potential / Diseases - CE virus has been isolated from a Utah population. Isolations of WEE and SLE viruses have been questioned due to early confusion with Aedes melanimon.

Habitat/Ecology - Larva found in large grassy pools in meadows in full sunlight. Also in pools of moderate depth following the spring snow melts and cattail pools along roads.

Hosts - Will readily bite man in lightly shaded areas.

Distribution - Mountainous areas of Eastern Fresno Co. north to Shasta Co. 3,500-9,900 feet.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Very rare. Little known about California populations. Females are short lived according to studies with Utah populations.

Hosts - Will readily bite man in lightly shaded areas.

Distribution - Northeastern Shasta Co. and Eastern Modoc and Lassen counties.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Aedes hemiteleus

(=Ae. cinereus)

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae and pupae found in deep grassy pools in shaded or open situations where water persists well into early summer.

Hosts - Do not readily bite humans except in shaded areas during the day.

Distribution - Mountain mosquito . Sierra Nevada Range - Yosemite Park northward.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae in varied habitats from shaded pine needle pools to small or large, open sunlit meadow pools. Adults tend to stay in wooded areas.

Hosts - Will readily bite man in wooded areas.

Distribution - Mono, Tuolumne, Shasta, Plumas and Siskiyou Counties. 4,000-9,900 feet

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae are found in grassy meadow pools, hoofprints, ditches, ponds, willow runs and densely shaded water sources.

Hosts - At high elevations are one of the primary, open sun, day biting species.

Distribution - Throughout most of California. 0-8,500 feet

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Multivoltine - # of broods related to the flooding cycle of agricultural and waterfowl areas of the central valley. Females rest by day in grasses and brush but will bite if disturbed. Females tend to be more or reactive and bite during twilight hours.

Hosts - Will bite humans. Precipitin tests show cattle, rabbit, horse, dogs and some birds.

Distribution - Primarily central valley of California and its various river systems

Vector Potential / Diseases - Early isolation WEE, SLE and CE viruses in Kern Co. but now questioned due in part to confusion with Aedes dorsalis.

Habitat/Ecology - In the central valley larvae are commonly associated wht Aedes melanimon in intermittently flooded irrigated pastures. Larvae form clumps along grassy borders, with younger larvae forming congregations more often than older larvae. Can have 10 or more generations per season due to its ability to occupy evanescent water.

Hosts - Reported as avidly seeking human hosts and is a serious pest in the Southern half of the Central Valley.

Distribution - Central Valley counties.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Considered a potential threat for arbovirus transmission although California populations have been negative. Lab studies show they can vector WEE, SLE and JBE.

Habitat/Ecology - Little is known about the California populations. Larvae have been found in pools heavily overgrown with salt grass and normally flooded for most of the year. In Nevada larvae are found in open, highly alkaline pools, ponds and seepages.

Hosts - Can be annoying otherwise little is known about host preference.

Distribution - Plateau areas of Siskiyou, Lassen and Modoc Counties.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae are found in a wide variety of habitats, including cold, clear seepage pools, open snow-melt pools near tree-line and overflow pools in stream beds. Females will bite in shade or bright sun-shine on calm or lightly breezy days.

Hosts - Little known. Lab populations have fed on humans.

Distribution - Above 8,000 feet in the Sierra Nevada Range. Fresno, Inyo, Mono and Tuolume counties.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae are found in shallow pools or margins of marshy lakes with or without sunlight or dense emergent vegetation. Adults rest on vegetation near larval sites.

Hosts - Littler known. Lab populations have fed on humans.

Distribution - Lassen, Nevada, Mono, Alpine, Inyo, and El Dorado Counties.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae are found in treeholes and artificial containers that have a lot of leafy sediment. Eggs hatch with initial fall rains. Most hatching occurs when dissolved oxygen is less than 0.25ppm. Some eggs hatch in spring if sufficient rainfall. Overwinter as larvae. Adults present from February to June.

Hosts - Viscious biters of humans. Precipitin tests show a preference for mammals (bovine, dog) with a small percentage (4%) feeding on reptiles.

Distribution - Present in all counties except Imperial, Inyo, Lassen, Mono, San Benito, Sierra and Tuolumne.

Vector Potential / Diseases - V ector of dog heartworm. Has been expeimentally infected with JBE, CE and WEE viruses. Lab tests have shown this species capable of transmitting WEE virus.

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae hatch late fall and winter following high tides and heavy rains. Adults emerge end of February through early April and bite through May. Univoltine .

Hosts - Humans and ????

Distribution - Intertidal marshes of Coastal California. Sonoma county south to Baja California.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Females may live for up to 94 days. Larvae are found in leaf dilled potholes and depressions filled with water from snow-melt swollen rivers.

Hosts - Precipitin tests show a preference for large mammals (ie pig, horse, cow, deer and humans).

Distribution - Central Valley counties and Tuolumne County

Vector Potential / Diseases - Laboratory studies have shown this species to be a successful vector of SLE.

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae found in salt marshes in Southern California.

Hosts - Large mammals and man.

Distribution - From Santa Barbara County southward and in desert regions of Riverside and Imperial Counties

Vector Potential / Diseases -

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae found in shaded, temporary snow-melt pools with clean margins but containing pine needles.

Hosts - Viscious biter of humans, esp. at dusk. Primary hosts are cattle, horses and swine.

Distribution - Mountain areas from Tulare and Inyo Counties north to Tehama and Lassen Counties at elevations of 4,600-8,500 feet.

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Found in alkaline waters and temporary pools

Hosts -

Distribution - Southeastern California in lower Colorado River area.

Vector Potential / Diseases -

Habitat/Ecology - Females are viscious day biters. Larvae are found in small to medium sized grassy meadow pools that may or may not be surrounded by trees. Females rest throughout the night in grasses, willows and pine trees.

Hosts - Humans and ?????

Distribution - Tulare County north to Lassen and Shasta Counties

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown

Habitat/Ecology - Females like to feed before and up to approximately one hour after dark. Larvae have been found in or near wooded water ways and pastures.

Hosts - Precipitin tests show a preference for large mammals and humans.

Distribution - Widespread in California except for the coastal and high mountain areas.

Vector Potential / Diseases - A vector of Dog heartworm. Turlock, SLE and Main Drain viruses have been isolated from Imperial Co. populations. Other California viruses have been isolated from Eastern and Central U.S. populations. Under Lab conditions this species has successfully vectored SLE and VEE viruses.

Habitat/Ecology - Larvae are found in grassy meadow pools, hoofprints, ditches, ponds, willow runs and densely shaded water sources.

Hosts - At high elevations are one of the primary, open sun, day biting species.

Distribution - Throughout most of California. 0-8,500 feet

Vector Potential / Diseases - Unknown